Interface/zh-cn

简介

FreeCAD 界面是基于 Qt 的。Qt 是一个知名的图形化用户界面（GUI）工具包，多用于 Linux, 也适用于 Windows 和 macOS.

0.19 版本的标准界面。

应用程序的主窗口大致可以分为 11 个部分：

1. 主视图区域：可包含不同的标签式窗口
2. 三维视图：通常嵌入在主视图区域中
3. 组合视图的上部：包含树状视图和任务面板
4. 组合视图的下部：包含属性编辑器
5. 选择视图
6. 报告视图
7. Python 控制台
8. 状态栏
9. 工具栏区域（详见下方关于工具栏的说明）
10. 标准工作台选择器：本身也是一个工具栏
11. 标准菜单

界面组件

FreeCAD 和许多软件一样，有一个标准菜单栏，也有一系列工具栏和面板以包含用户工具。

菜单

标准菜单包括：文件，编辑，视图，工具，宏，窗口，帮助。

工具栏

界面中显示的标准工具栏包括：

• 文件工具栏：包括用于处理文件、打开文档、复制、粘贴、撤销和重做操作的工具。
• 工作台工具栏：包括一个用于选择活动工作台的控件。
• 宏工具栏：包括用于录制、编辑和执行宏的工具。
• 视图工具栏：包括用于控制对象在三维视图中显示方式的工具。
• 结构工具栏：包括用于在文档中组织对象，并创建指向其他文档链接的工具。

可以通过在任意工具栏的空白处右键单击并选择所需元素来启用或关闭这些工具栏，也可以通过菜单视图 → 工具栏来进行设置。

面板

The main panels that allow working with objects are:

• 3D view: the area where 2D and 3D geometry is drawn.
• Combo view: the panel that contains the tree view, the task panel, and the property editor.
• Tree view: the element that shows all objects in the document and their parametric history.
• Task panel: the panel that shows different actions and options depending on the drawing tool selected.
• Property editor: the place where object properties are modified.
• Selection view: the panel that shows elements that are currently selected.
• Report view: the text box that shows different messages from the application and its tools.
• Python console: the editor that allows running Python code interactively to see results in the 3D view.
• Status bar: the bar that shows certain messages from the application, and that has the mouse navigation selector.
• DAG view: an alternative to the tree view, which shows the relationships between different objects through a graph.

With the exception of the 3D view, all can be turned on and off by right clicking on an empty space on one of the top toolbars and choosing the desired element, or from the menu, View → Panels.

To activate and deactivate the status bar use the menu, View → Status bar.

Other

Other useful interfaces and windows include:

• Scene inspector: a panel that shows the Coin3D nodes that make up the scenegraph. For power users and developers, it may be useful to troubleshoot operations that manipulate the scene directly, and the objects created in the 3D view.
• Dependency graph: a window showing the dependency graph of all the objects in the document, created with the auxiliary program Graphviz. It is helpful to recognize problems in the creation of objects, such as circular dependencies, which may not be entirely evident from the tree view or the DAG view.

Customization

Toolbars can have more or fewer buttons, and custom toolbars can be created with a mix of different tools, and to store developed macros.

These options are in the menu, Tools → Customize. See interface customization.

Dock panel overlay

introduced in 1.0

The dock panel overlay system is a feature to maximize the space available for the 3D view. It transforms standard docked panels, like the Combo View, into floating, transparent widgets that sit on top of the 3D view. This allows the 3D view to expand and use the space the panels previously occupied. The overlay panels become fully opaque and interactive when the mouse hovers over them, and transparent again when the mouse moves away, even enabling clicking through them to interact with the model.

The main switch for this feature is the Toggle overlay for all command. Additional commands are available for more granular control.

Overlay Modes

Each panel in the overlay system can be set to a different mode, allowing for a customized workflow. These settings are available by clicking the overlay mode button () in the title bar of an overlay panel.

• None: This is the default mode. The panel remains visible but transparent when not in use, and becomes opaque on mouse-over. It provides a good balance between access to tools and 3D view space.

• Auto hide: This mode completely hides the panel by sliding it off-screen. The panel will only reappear when you move your mouse to the edge of the window where it is hiding. This mode provides the maximum screen space and is suitable for panels that are used infrequently.

• Show on edit: A context-aware mode that automatically shows the panel when an object's edit mode is entered (e.g., editing a sketch). When the edit is finished, the panel automatically hides again. This mode well suited for the Task panel, for instance.

• Hide on edit: The opposite of "Show on edit". This mode automatically hides the panel when an object's edit mode is entered. This is useful for clearing away secondary panels (like the Report view) to reduce clutter while focusing on a specific task.

• Auto task: A smart version of "Show on edit", designed for the Task panel. It shows the panel only when a command opens an active task, and hides it the moment the task is completed, providing a more automated workflow.

Commands

The following commands control the dock panel overlay feature:

• Toggle overlay for all: The master switch for the overlay feature. Toggles overlay mode on or off for all panels.
• Toggle transparent for all: Toggles the special "transparent active" mode, where panels remain transparent even when you mouse over them.
• Toggle overlay: Toggles overlay mode for the single panel currently under the mouse cursor.
• Toggle transparent mode: Toggles the "transparent active" mode for the single panel currently under the mouse cursor.
• Toggle left, Toggle right, Toggle top, Toggle bottom: Show or hide the entire group of overlay panels on a specific side of the screen.