PartDesign InvoluteGear/de

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PartDesign

Menüeintrag
PartDesign Evolventenrad
Part Design → Evolventenrad...
Arbeitsbereich
PartDesign
Standardtastenkürzel
Keiner
Eingeführt in Version
-
Siehe auch
Arbeitsbereich FCGear
Contents 1 Beschreibung 2 Anwendung 2.1 Profil erstellen 2.2 Ein geradverzahntes Stirnrad erstellen 2.3 Ein schrägverzahntes Stirnrad erstellen 2.4 Cut a hub for an involute splined shaft 3 Eigenschaften 4 Notes 5 Limitations 6 Tutorien 7 Verwandt

Beschreibung

Dieses Werkzeug erlaubt es ein 2D-Profil eines Evolventenrades oder einer Evolventenverzahnung zu erstellen. Dieses 2D-Profil ist vollständig parametrisch und kann mit den Formelementen PartDesign Aufpolsterung oder PartDesign Wendel extrudiert werden.

Für detailliertere Informationen siehe Wikipedia: Gear und Involute Gear (engl.).

Anwendung

Profil erstellen

Wahlweise den richtigen Körper aktivieren.
Zum Menü Part Design → Evolventenrad... wechseln.
Die Evolventenparameter anpassen.
OK klicken.
Wurde noch kein Körper aktiviert: Das Zahnrad auf einen Körper ziehen und ablegen, um es mit weiteren Formelementen zu versehen wie einer Extrusion (Pad).

Ein geradverzahntes Stirnrad erstellen

Das Zahnradprofil in der Baumansicht Auswählen.
Die Schaltfläche PartDesign Aufpolsterung drücken.
Die Daten-EigenschaftLength des Blocks auf die gewünschte Zahnradbreite einstellen.
OK klicken.

Ein schrägverzahntes Stirnrad erstellen

Select the gear profile in the Tree view.
Press the PartDesign AdditiveHelix button.
Choose as Axis the normal of the gear profile, that is Normal sketch axis introduced in version 0.20. (In earlier versions the Base Z axis can be used as long as the profile's plane has not been altered.)
Choose a Height-Turns mode.
Set the DatenHeight to the desired face width of the gear.
To set the desired helical angle an Expression for the DatenTurns is required.
1. Click the blue icon at the right of the input field.
2. Enter the following formula: Height * tan(25°) / (InvoluteGear.NumberOfTeeth * InvoluteGear.Modules * pi), where 25° is an example for the desired helical angle (also known as beta-value) and InvoluteGear is the DatenName of the profile.
3. Click OK to close the formula editor.
Click OK to close the task panel.

Hint: To make the helical angle an accessible parameter, use a dynamic property:

Select the profile.
In the Property editor activate the Show all option in the context menu.
Again in the context menu, select Add Property. Note: this entry is only available when Show all is active.
In the Add Property dialog:
1. Choose App::PropertyAngle as Type.
2. Set Gear as Group.
3. Set HelicalAngle as Name (without a space).
4. Click OK.
Now a new property DatenHelical Angle (space added automatically), with an initial value of 0.0°, becomes available.
Assign the desired helical angle to the new property.
In the formula of the DatenTurns property of the AdditiveHelix, you can now reference InvoluteGear.HelicalAngle instead of the hard coded value of e.g. 25°; again assuming InvoluteGear is the DatenName of the profile.

Cut a hub for an involute splined shaft

introduced in version 0.21

Activate the correct body.
Create an internal involute gear profile with the required number of grooves and adapt the values of pressure angle, addendum-, dedendum- and root fillet coefficient. See also the table in Notes below for feasible values. For example:
- DatenExternal Gear: False
- DatenNumber Of Teeth: 12
- DatenPressure Angle: 37.5°
- DatenAddendum Coefficient: 0.45
- DatenDedendum Coefficient: 0.7
- DatenRoot Fillet Coefficient: 0.3
Select the gear profile in the Tree view.
Press the Pocket button.
Set the pocket's DatenType to Through All.
Check the pocket's DatenSymmetric To Plane option.
Click OK.

Eigenschaften

DatenAddendum Coefficient: The height of the tooth from the pitch circle up to its tip, normalized by the module. Default is 1.0 for the standard full-depth system. introduced in version 0.21

DatenDedendum Coefficient: The height of the tooth from the pitch circle down to its root, normalized by the module. Default is 1.25 for the standard full-depth system. introduced in version 0.21

Daten-EigenschaftExternal Gear (Stirnrad): Wahr oder Falsch

Daten-EigenschaftHigh Precision (Hohe Präzision): Wahr oder Falsch

Daten-EigenschaftModules (der Modul): Teilkreisdurchmesser geteilt durch die Anzahl der Zähne. (Hinweis: der korrekte englische Begriff ist "Module" aber dieser ist freeCAD-intern schon vergeben und kann daher hier nicht (als Name der Eigenschaft) verwendet werden.)

Daten-EigenschaftNumber Of Teeth: Legt die Anzahl der Zähne fest.

Daten-EigenschaftPressure Angle (Eingriffswinkel): Winkel zwischen der Wirkungslinie und einer Normalen zu der Linie, die die Zahnradmitten verbindet. Standard ist 20°. Siehe (Evolventenverzahnung)

DatenProfile Shift Coefficient: The distance by which the reference profile is shifted outwards, normalized by the module. Default is zero. Profile shift may be positive or negative. introduced in version 0.21

DatenRoot Fillet Coefficient: The radius of the fillet at the root of the tooth, normalized by the module. Default is 0.38 as defined by the ISO rack. introduced in version 0.21

Notes

In order for two gears to mesh they need to share the same module and pressure angle. Expressions may help to ensure consistency. Their center distance needs to be (NumberOfTeeth + OtherGear.NumberOfTeeth) * Modules / 2 (that is in case of the sum profile shift being zero). Subtract the number of teeth in case of an internal gear.

When using a Sketch to position some gears, they can be represented using their pitch circles and using a tangent constraint between those circles. Their diameters can be set by the following Expression: SomeGear.NumberOfTeeth * SomeGear.Modules (assuming no profile shift and "SomeGear" being the DatenName of the respective gear profile object).

When using Sketches to create additional features (cutouts, spokes, ...) on a gear, reference circles at the tip or the root of the teeth can help positioning those features. The diameter of the tip circle can be set by the following Expression: (SomeGear.NumberOfTeeth + 2 * (SomeGear.AddendumCoefficient + SomeGear.ProfileShiftCoefficient)) * SomeGear.Modules and the root circle respectively by (SomeGear.NumberOfTeeth - 2 * (SomeGear.DedendumCoefficient - SomeGear.ProfileShiftCoefficient)) * SomeGear.Modules.

Profile shifting can be used to prevent undercut on gears with a small number of teeth. Another application is to adjust the center distance of two gears with a given number of teeth and module.

When visually checking for proper meshing or interferences a much lower value for AnsichtDeviation is helpful, e.g. 0.05 instead of the default 0.5. Otherwise the representation in the 3D view may be too coarse.

For standard gears the most common pressure angle is 20 °, followed by 14,5 °. Other applications, notably splines, use higher angles.

The standard full-depth system uses an addendum coefficient of 1.0 and a dedendum coefficient of 1.25, resulting in a clearance of 0.25 (the difference between the addendum of the one gear and the dedendum of the other). The actual tooth length is the sum of both coefficients, multiplied by the module.

Tooth length reduction may be required to prevent undercut or to strengthen the teeth (see stub teeth). For internal gears the addendum (here pointing inwards) may need shortening to avoid certain interferences or non-involute flanks; when indicated in combination with longer teeth of the pinion.

For splined shafts and hubs ISO 4156 defines the following parameters:

Pressure Angle	30 ° (flat root)	30 ° (fillet root)	37,5 °	45 °
Addendum Coefficient	0.5	0.5	0.45	0.4
Dedendum Coefficient	0.75	0.9	0.7	0.6
Root Fillet Coefficient	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.25

Limitations

It is currently not possible to adjust the tooth thickness. Tooth and tooth space are distributed equally on the reference circle. One way to still control backlash is to adjust the center distance in a gear paring. Another is to apply a tiny amount of negative profile shift. Example: For a typical circumferential backlash coefficient of 0.04 increase either the center distance by (0.04 * Modules / 2) / tan(PressureAngle) or shift the profile of one gear (preferably the larger one) by a coefficient of -(0.04 / 2) / tan(PressureAngle)).

There is currently no undercut in the generated gear profile. That means gears with a low number of teeth can interfere with the teeth of the mating gear. The lower limit depends on the DatenPressure Angle and is around 17 teeth for 20° and 32 for 14.5°. Most practical applications tolerate a missing undercut for gears a little smaller than this theoretical limit though, which assumes mating with a rack and standard tooth length.